To change from F-1 to H-1B, a U.S. employer must sponsor you. The employer files Form I-129 with USCIS during the H-1B cap filing season, typically in March–April. If selected in the lottery (unless exempt), your status can change on October 1. You must maintain valid F-1 status (such as OPT or STEM OPT) until the H-1B takes effect.

F-1 students on STEM OPT (eligible for a 24-month extension) often benefit from up to three H-1B lottery attempts. If not selected the first year, you can continue working under OPT (if still valid) and re-enter the lottery in subsequent years. Keeping your I-20 updated and working for an E-Verify employer is essential during this time.

If your H-1B petition is filed while you’re still in valid F-1/OPT status and selected in the lottery, you may qualify for a cap-gap extension. This allows you to legally remain and work in the U.S. between the expiration of your OPT and the start of H-1B status on October 1. Your DSO will issue a new I-20 indicating cap-gap coverage upon receipt of the H-1B receipt notice.