Yes, if you correct the reason for denial such as missing docs, insufficient proof, etc.

Yes, for many visa types e.g., tourist, fiancé(e), green card as long as you're eligible.

Yes, if you were denied for technical or fixable issues like an RFE not answered properly.

Yes, after a denied immigrant petition, especially with better evidence or a new sponsor.

Yes, you can reapply after a denial, but it depends on the reason for denial and your current status. It’s best to consult an immigration attorney first.