Dropping out ends F-1 status immediately, so they may need to leave the U.S. and apply for H-1B from abroad.

If they find an employer quickly, the employer can still file an H-1B petition, but status violations may complicate approval.

Reinstating F-1 status before applying may help maintain a clean record.

If unlawful presence builds up, they might face bars to reentry without a waiver.