You must wait 150 days after you file your asylum application (Form I-589) and then you can apply for a work permit by submitting Form I-765.

You can start working only after your work permit is approved USCIS may be take few months to process your work permit.

You cannot legally work before getting your work permit if your asylum is granted, you’ll have full permission to work.

Your work permit is valid for 2 years, and you can renew it while your case is still pending. but working without a permit is risky and can affect your asylum case.