Separation can complicate a marriage-based case because USCIS requires proof of a bona fide marriage and ongoing marital relationship. If the separation is temporary and reconciliation is possible, you may still continue the case, but you must be truthful about your living situation. USCIS may ask for additional evidence or explanations.

If the separation is permanent or divorce is expected, the case will likely not succeed. Marriage-based benefits depend on a real, ongoing relationship. In that situation, it may be better to explore alternative immigration options rather than proceed with a case that no longer meets eligibility requirements.