You cannot self-petition for an O-1 visa. The sponsor must submit Form I-129 and provide details about the job, contract, and your qualifications.

Individuals are not eligible to self-petition for an O-1 visa; the petition must be submitted by a qualified U.S. employer, agent, or sponsoring organization on their behalf.

According to USCIS regulations, only a U.S. employer or authorized agent may file the required Form I-129 for an O-1 visa. The beneficiary cannot file it themselves. Hence, you need an employer to file.