In most cases, a lawful permanent resident must hold a green card for at least 5 years before applying for U.S. citizenship through naturalization. During this period, the applicant must meet continuous residence and physical presence requirements, demonstrate good moral character, and be able to read, write, and speak basic English. Exceptions apply to certain individuals, such as those married to U.S. citizens, who may qualify after only 3 years of permanent residency, provided they meet all eligibility conditions.

Generally, you need to be a green card holder for 5 years before you can apply for citizenship. If you're married to a U.S. citizen, you may qualify in just 3 years, as long as you've lived with your spouse and held your green card for that full period. Either way, you must also meet requirements related to how long you've physically lived in the U.S. and show that you've been a person of good moral character.

Most green card holders become eligible for naturalization after maintaining permanent resident status for 5 continuous years, with at least 30 months of physical presence in the U.S. during that time. Individuals married to U.S. citizens may apply after 3 years of permanent residency, provided the marriage has been ongoing and the spouse has been a citizen for the full period. All applicants must also meet additional requirements including residence in a USCIS district, knowledge of English and U.S. civics, and a demonstration of good moral character.