Yes, a U.S. citizen can formally renounce their citizenship by appearing in person at a U.S. embassy or consulate outside the United States and signing an oath of renunciation before a consular officer. This process is voluntary and must be done outside U.S. territory.

Renouncing citizenship means you lose all rights and privileges of being a U.S. citizen including the right to live and work in the U.S., vote in U.S. elections, or receive U.S. consular protection abroad. You may also become subject to taxes or penalties if you have certain financial obligations to the U.S. government.

The process involves filling out official forms, paying a non-refundable fee (currently around $2,350), and demonstrating that the decision is made voluntarily and with full understanding of the consequences. Once approved, the act is final and cannot be undone except in very rare cases.